Subject
Vanuatu, Remote Oceania, Melanesians, Papuans, ancient DNA, Pacific migrations, Polynesian outliers, diversification, language contact, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory

Domains
Archéologie, Biologie, Sciences Sociales, Sciences humaines

Description

International audience The Vanuatu archipelago served as a gateway to Remote Oceania during one of the most extensive human migrations to uninhabited lands 3,000 years ago. Ancient DNA studies suggest an initial settlement by East Asian-related peoples that was quickly followed by the arrival of Papuan-related populations, leading to a major population turnover. Yet there is uncertainty over the population processes and the sociocultural factors that have shaped the genomic diversity of ni-Vanuatu, who present nowadays among the world's highest linguistic and cultural diversity. Here, we report new genome-wide data for 1,433 contemporary ni-Vanuatu from 29 different islands, including 287 couples. We find that ni-Vanuatu derive their East Asian-and Papuanrelated ancestry from the same source populations and descend from relatively synchronous, sex-biased admixture events that occurred 1,700-2,300 years ago, indicating a peopling history common to the whole archipelago. However, East Asian-related ancestry proportions differ markedly across islands, suggesting that the Papuan-related population turnover was geographically uneven. Furthermore, we detect Polynesian ancestry arriving 600-1,000 years ago to Central and South Vanuatu in both Polynesian-speaking and non-Polynesian-speaking populations. Last, we provide evidence for a tendency of spouses to carry similar genetic ancestry, when accounting for relatedness avoidance. The signal is not driven by strong genetic effects of specific loci or trait-associated variants, suggesting that it results instead from social assortative mating. Altogether, our findings provide an insight into both the genetic history of ni-Vanuatu populations and how sociocultural processes have shaped the diversity of their genomes.

Keywords

Language
English (en-GB)

Creators
Arauna, Lara, , Bergstedt, Jacob, Choin, Jeremy, Mendoza-Revilla, Javier, Harmant, Christine, Roux, Maguelonne, Mas-Sandoval, Alex, Lémée, Laure, Colleran, Heidi, François, Alexandre, Valentin, Frédérique, Cassar, Olivier, Gessain, Antoine, Quintana-Murci, Lluis, Patin, Etienne

Contributors
Génétique Evolutive Humaine - Human Evolutionary Genetics ; Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB ; Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Imperial College London, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Biomics (plateforme technologique) ; Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig] ; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Lattice - Langues, Textes, Traitements informatiques, Cognition - UMR 8094 (Lattice) ; Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Département Littératures et langage - ENS Paris (LILA) ; École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) ; Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) ; Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques (TEMPS) ; Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes / Oncogenic Virus Epidemiology and Pathophysiology (EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)) ; Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), L.R.A. was funded by a Pasteur-Roux-Cantarini fellowship from the Institut Pasteur. The laboratory of Human Evolutionary Genetics is supported by the Institut Pasteur, the Collège de France, the CNRS, the Fondation Allianz-Institut de France, the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir programme, Laboratoires d’Excellence “Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases” (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID) and “Milieu Intérieur” (ANR-10-LABX-69-01), the Fondation de France (no. 00106080), the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (Equipe FRM DEQ20180339214), and the French National Research Agency (ANR-19-CE35-0005)., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-10-LABX-0069,MILIEU INTERIEUR,GENETIC & ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF IMMUNE PHENOTYPE VARIANCE: ESTABLISHING A PATH TOWARDS PERSONALIZED MEDICINE(2010)

Sources
ISSN: 0960-9822, EISSN: 1879-0445, Current Biology - CB, https://hal.science/hal-03885644, Current Biology - CB, 2022, 32 (21), pp.4565 - 4575.e6. ⟨10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.055⟩, https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S096098222201377X

Relation
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.055
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/36108636

Coverage
Vanuatu, Melanesia

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