The report discusses the study of archaeology in Vanuatu, specifically focusing on the island of Malakula and the Lapita culture. It confirms that the Lapita culture is present in Vanuatu, but prior to the arrival of archaeologists, there was limited knowledge about the extent of Lapita sites due to volcanic eruptions and lack of exploration. The Lapita sites in Vanuatu are often found near coastal areas and are not commonly found in the interior or highlands. The report mentions the use of local customs and stories to aid in archaeological discoveries, such as the example of Jose Garanger using custom stories to find the burial ground of Jif Roi Mata on Hat Island. It also mentions the discovery of a stone hole on Erromango Island, which was created by previous inhabitants. The report highlights the importance of understanding the local environment and its dangers, such as the risk of flooding or strong winds, when conducting archaeological research on small islands. It acknowledges that there were no permanent settlements on the islands when the first humans arrived, and they likely only visited temporarily.