The palms of New Caledonia belong to two subfamilies, the Coryphoideae represented by the genus Pritchardiopsis with palmate leaves and bisexual flowers, and the Arecoideae with sixteen genera totalling thirty one species with pinnate leaves and unisexual flowers in triads. Among those last named, the genus Basselinia with eleven species in two sections is the most diverse. Only the genus Cyphosperma, present in Fiji and Vanuatu, has an extra-territorial distribution. This article's aim is to present the morphological and architectural characteristics of palms in New Caledonia, to define their distribution regulated by ecological factors in their environment and also their localities in New Caledonia.