Erromango is an island with an area of approximately 902 km^2 and a population of 1,960 inhabitants in 2009. It has a volcanic core, limestone terraces, and perennial rivers and streams. The island was initially known as Unelocompne and was colonized by Lapita culture people around 3,000 years ago. The population of Erromango was estimated to be around 9,000 in the early 19th century but was significantly reduced due to epidemics and cyclones, with less than 500 inhabitants in 1930. Economic activities on the island include the replanting of sandalwood and the exploitation of forests, including the kaori tree, which has sparked controversies.